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'' El Cantar de mio Cid'', literally "The Song of my Cid"), (or ''El Poema de mio Cid'') also known in English as ''The Poem of the Cid,'' is the oldest preserved Castilian epic poem (epopeya).〔Penguin Classics, "The Poem of the Cid: A Bilingual Edition with Parallel Text", 1975, Translated by Rita Hamilton, "()", 1/5/2010〕 Based on a true story, it tells of the Castilian hero El Cid, and takes place during the Reconquista, or reconquest of Spain from the Moors. The Spanish medievalist Ramón Menéndez Pidal included the ''Cantar de Mio Cid'' in the popular tradition he termed the ''mester de juglaría''. ''Mester de juglaría'' refers to the medieval tradition according to which popular poems were passed down from generation to generation, being changed in the process. These poems were meant to be performed in public by minstrels (or juglares), who each performed the traditional composition differently according to the performance context—sometimes adding their own twists to the epic poems they told, or abbreviating it according to the situation. On the other hand, some critics (known as individualists) believe ''El Cantar de Mio Cid'' was composed by one ''Per Abbad'' (in English, Abbot Peter) who signed the only existing manuscript copy, and as such is an example of the learned poetry that was cultivated in the monasteries and other centers of erudition. Per Abbad puts the date 1207 after his name, but the existing copy forms part of a 14th-century codex in the ''Biblioteca Nacional de España'' (National Library) in Madrid, Spain. It is, however, incomplete, missing the first page and two others in the middle, and is written in Old Spanish. Its current title is a 19th-century proposal by Ramón Menéndez Pidal; its original title is unknown. Some call it ''El Poema del Cid'' on the grounds that it is not a ''cantar'' but a poem made up of three ''cantares''. The title has been translated into English as ''The Lay of the Cid'' and ''The Song of the Cid''. ''Mio Cid'' is literally "My Cid", a term of endearment used by the narrator and by characters in the work.〔 The word ''Cid'' originates from Arabic ''sidi'' or ''sayyid'' (سيد), an honorific title similar to English ''Sir'' (in the medieval, courtly sense). ==The story== El Cid married the cousin of King Alfonso VI, Doña Ximena, but for certain reasons (according to the story, he made the king swear by Santa Gadea that he had not ordered the fratricide of his own brother), he fell into the disfavor of the king and had to leave his home country of Castile. The story begins with the exile of El Cid, whose enemies had unjustly accused him of stealing money from the king, Alfonso VI of Castile and León, leading to his exile. To regain his honor, he participated in the battles against the Moorish armies and conquered Valencia. By these heroic acts he regained the confidence of the king and his honor was restored. The king personally marries El Cid's daughters to the ''infantes'' (princes) of Carrión. However, when the princes are humiliated by El Cid's men for their cowardice, the ''infantes'' swear revenge. They beat their new wives and leave them for dead. When El Cid learns of this he pleads to the king for justice. The ''infantes'' are forced to return El Cid's dowry and are defeated in a duel, stripping them of all honor. El Cid's two daughters then remarry to the ''infantes'' of Navarre and Aragon. Through the marriages of his daughters, El Cid began the unification of Spain. Unlike other European medieval epics, the tone is realist.〔(El Cid del Cantar: El héroe literario y el héroe épico ), Rafael Beltrán〕 There is no magic, even the apparition of archangel Gabriel ((verses 404–410 )) happens in a dream. However, it also departs from historic truth: for example, there is no mention of his son, his daughters were not named Elvira and Sol and they did not become queens. It consists of more than 3,700 verses of usually 14 through 16 syllables, each with a caesura between the hemistiches. The rhyme is assonant. Since 1913, and following the work of Ramón Menéndez Pidal, the entire work is conventionally divided into three parts: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cantar de Mio Cid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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